The enlightenment era was also called the Age of reason, which entailed the proliferation of intellectual and cultural movement during the 18^th century. The period put more emphasis on the use of reason than superstition and applying science instead of faith in various functions. As such, ideas became one significant way of justifying social and hierarchical structures in European nations and America. The power of the press helped thinkers such John Locke and Isaac newton started questioning the accepted during the time and introduced ideologies which promoted openness, investigations, and religious tolerance. Hus, the Enlightenment, was a significant turning point for the western world since it paved the way for civilization in which the world of darkness came to an end. Simultaneously, rationalism, progressivism, empiricism, and cosmopolitanism became a standard open for the development of modern social structures and hierarchical leadership. The enlightenment era facilitated many changes in the political, civic, and leadership ideologies that still influence today's society in terms f social and hierarchical structure.

One significant idea that originated from the era is rationalism, which argued that humans could utilize their reason to acquire knowledge and achieve other goals in life. Initially, people were using the scripture for expertise, while church leaders provided advice. The philosophers and their followers debated on the best forms of Government which were highly influenced by enlightenment ideals. For instance, Diderot and Rousseau's ideas of egalitarian and freedom movements called for reforms to get rid of monarchies, tyrannies, and absolute governments (Kant 2). Today political changes have created governments of different types, including hierarchies. Enlightenment facilitated the formation of ground for modern, republicans, and constitutional democracies. The current social and political orders from the top leaders to the juniors in which legislative powers are organized systematically but with checks and balances. The hierarchical ladder in governance in economies and other organizations emerges from the reason that people need an organized system to ensure that citizens enjoy their rights and freedoms. The modern social contract theory tends to incorporate enlightenment values of reason. The era of Enlightenment constituted various political accomplishments with three political revolutions, which included the English Revolution (1688), the American 1783), and the French (1799) (Pinker 12). The social-political world thus experienced numerous changes with the critiques of the existing institutions. Today governments are organized into legitimate hierarchical systems with checks