Underuse example in healthcare occurs when dialysis services are given to a patient with chronic kidney problems who could otherwise have benefited from a kidney transplant. This procedure has been tested and has a minimal risk but denying the patient this service puts them at greater risk. The patient incurs extra costs for a dialysis that is less effective to their otherwise damaged kidney and may result in infection of the other kidney. Overuse in the same analogy would be a transplant procedure performed when the disease is in an early curable stage. This is much costly to the patient and the risk from the procedure is unnecessary in the patient's case and is otherwise wasteful of the organ that could be utilized by another critically ill patient. Misuse could occur if this procedure were indeed necessary but is administered without caution and patient preparation. An example would be patient developing complications as a result of oversight during or before the procedure.

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